Sleep apnea is a common condition that causes the individual to stop breathing repeatedly during sleep. A sleep apnea sufferer may cease breathing hundreds
of times each night, for periods ranging for several seconds to a minute or longer. The constant cycle of awakening to resume breathing causes restless, sporadic sleep, which in turn results in sleepiness during normal waking hours.
In the most common form of sleep apnea, called obstructive sleep apnea, the problem is caused by a blockage of the airway from the collapse of the soft tissue at the back of the throat. In central sleep apnea, which is much less common, the brain fails to send the signals that cause the person to breathe. Mixed sleep apnea is a combination of these conditions.
Untreated sleep apnea can cause serious health problems: cardiovascular disease, high blood pressure, headaches, and problems with memory and concentration. The effect of daytime sleepiness can result in motor vehicle accidents and work-related injuries and impairment.
Obstructive sleep apnea can be treated with excellent results, using several treatments options. One non-surgical option is a continuous positive air pressure (CPAP) machine. It creates a gentle flow of constant air pressure during sleep to keep the patient’s airway open for normal breathing. Surgical options may also be considered for certain patients in consultation with head and neck surgeons. The Sleep Medicine Institute’s CPAP sleep specialist is a registered respiratory therapist who works closely with patients to ensure that each individual receives the appropriate equipment and education in its use.
